Chapter 4 -Vocabulary

Words	Arabic Meaning
Career Counsellor	مستشار شهادة
Constructions	الانشاءات
Drawback	عيب
Globalization	العولمة
Identity	الهوية
Job hopping	التنقل وظيفة
Job security	الوظيفي الأمن
Livelihood	رزق
Manufacturing jobs	التصنيع وظائف
Outsourcing	خارجية بمصادر الاستعانة
Pleasure	متعة
Self-Confidence	بالنفس ثقة
Stress	إجهاد
Telecommunication	اتصالات
Workaholism	العمل إدمان
Workforce	العاملة القوى
Distract	يصرف
Keep up with	مواكبة
Varies	يتفاوت
Flexible	مرنة
Leisure	ترفيه
Passionate	عاطفي
Rigid	جامد
Secure	آمن
Temporary	مؤقت
On the move	على التحرك

London

London

The city of London is known for its mass transit systems. Most urban dwellers living in London use mass transit systems such as the tube (subway), and public bus to move from place to place. A popular form of mass transit there is an underground trains called the "tube." The tube is known to be a quick and efficient way to commute to work. It also helps to reduce air pollution and because less people are driving their own cars, it solves the problem of gridlock throughout the city. Many developing countries want to copy London's public transportation systems for their own cities. Experts predict that mass transit for everyone, both affluent and poor, is the new wave of the future.

1Who are urban dwellers?

2. What is the meaning of the underlined word "tube" in the paragraph?

3. What are two advantages of using the tube?

4. What is the meaning of the underlined word "gridlock"?

5. Give two examples of mass transit systems stated in the paragraph.

6.  Give a synonym for the underlined word "affluent"

Chapter 2, Part 2

Syndrome-أعراض-( A part of actions, events, attitude that are typical of a particular condition).

Symptom-عرض (sign of illness).

Sore throat-احتقان في الحلق ( Pain in throat)

Respiratory-تنفسي (breathing)

Mysteriously-في ظروف غامضة( Strange)

Expert-خبير( A person who has special skills or knowledge)

Investigate-التحقيق

Smog- الدخاني الضباب

Chemical-الكيميائية

Bacteria-بكتيريا

Toxic: سام (Poisonous)

Ventilation: تهوية

Aeronaut: (A traveller in a hot-air balloon, airship, or other flying craft): الملاح الجوي

Scientist: عالم

Exercise-2

Match the words with their meanings. Write the letters on the lines.

a. countries with less advanced industries b. in fact c. bad traffic d. rich e. get worse f. travel between work and home g. find an answer h. public buses and trains i. fruits and vegetables j. go down

1 ____________ worsen 2 ____________ affluent 3 ____________ mass transit 4 ___________ decrease 5 ___________ solve 6 ___________ produce 7 ___________ developing countries 8 ___________ commute 9 ___________ gridlock 10 __________ actually

Exercise-1

Vocabulary 1

Write the missing words in the blanks. Choose from these words.

afford	discipline	egalitarian	identical
primary	rural	statistic	status

1.       In some countries, a university degree is a sign of_____________ . In other countries it's extremely usual.

2.      Many students in the United States cannot ________________  to go to private universities because they are so expensive.

3.       John's seven-year-old son attends  ____________ school.

4.       In many  ____________________ areas, children don't go to high school because they have to help with the farm work.

5.      In many schools in the United States, teachers spend more time dealing with ____________ problems than they do teaching.

6.      An interesting  _________________ shows that 88  percent of all students in Japan finish high school.

7.    In universities in the United States, students choose a lot of elective classes, so no two courses of study are  _________________________.

8.    While public schools in the United States are supposedly  ________________, studies show that schools in poor areas are actually much worse than schools in rich areas.

Vocabulary: Chapter 1

Aspect - Characteristics - جانب
Constitution - Law - الدستور
Contrasts - Variation - التناقضات
Discipline - Organize -انضباط
Indigenous people - Original people - السكان الأصليين
Native people - Aborigines - الناس الأصلية

Primary School - Where basic education is given - المدرسة
Secondary School - Where s.e is given - الثانوية المدرسة

Statistics - Data - إحصاءات
Status - Condition - حالة
Tuition - Fees - للتعليملمال

Values - To give importance - القيم
Prestige - Honor - هيبة

Achieve - Earn - تحقيق
Afford - Maintain - تحمل
Determines - Decides - يحدد
Reflects - Showing picture - يعكس
Value - Showing importance - القيمة/ أهمية عرض

Compulsory - Must - إلزامي
Egalitarian - Equal - متساو
Entire - Whole - كامل
Identical - Similar - مطابق
Isolated - Alone - معزول
Rural - Village - الريفية
Universal - acceptable to all - عالمي
Vocational - Job training - المهني
On the one hand - From on point of view - ناحية من
On the other hand - From another point of view - أخرى ناحية

Vocabulary: Chapter 2

العملية الزراعية- agricultural operation

المحاصيل  – crops

البلدان النامية – developing countries

التلوث -  pollution

الأولويات – priorities

إنتاج – produce

حل – solve

ثراء – affluent

خلاق – creative

بكفاءة – efficiently

نمو – growth

بل  - however

جرىمة – crime

كابوس – nightmare

عمدة – mayor

متوسط – average

نوعية الحياة– quality of life

النقل الجماعي – mass transit

تطوع – volunteer

التمارين – exercises

في حقيقة – actually

لتوفير - to provide

اصطناعي – synthetic

قالب – mold

قريد – tile

احتقان في الحلق – sore throat

ورق جدران – wallpaper